Aurangzeb 1658-1707


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Aurangzeb 1658-1707

Aurangzeb 1658-1707: Aurangzeb's reign ranges from 1658 to 1707. His campaign against Maratha Chieftains Shivaji was very important.

Aurangzeb’s Empire:  Aurangzeb was almost always at war with one ruler or the other. Aurangzeb spent the first half of his 50 year reign(1658-1682CE) in the northern territory and the second half(1682-1707CE) trying to annex the Deccan. Born in 1618 CE Aurangzeb was the third son of shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal  The empire of Aurangzeb  was the biggest anyone had ever IN India. He  ruled for (1658-1707CE) almost  50 year.

Religious Policy: Aurangzeb firmly believed that it was his duty to strengthen Islam in the empire. He discontinued the policy of religious tolerance followed by the earlier Mughal rulers.  He reimposed the jaziya, the religion tax on non-Muslim that Akbar had abolished.

Rajput Policy: Aurangzeb tried to annex their kingdoms and waged several battles against them. As a result, he lost the loyalty and support of the Rajputs. He also lost money, time and many of his generals.

Deccan Policy:  Aurangzeb spent 26 years of his life and religion in the Deccan, which he could neither control nor ignore. This brought him into direct confrontation with the rising power of the Marathas. Aurangzeb won the kingdoms of Bijapur in 1681 CE however; the victories came at a steep cost. Aurangzeb suffered heavy loss of soldiers and money.

Aurangzeb and Sikhs: The execution of the ninth Sikh guru, Guru Teg Bahadur by Aurangazeb made the peace-loving Sikhs take up arms. Under the 10th guru, Guru Gobind Singh, the Sikh fought bitterly against Aurangazeb.

Mughal Tradition of Succession: The Mughals did not believe in the rule of primogeniture where the eldest son inherited his father’s estate. Instead they followed the Mughal and timurid custom of coparcenary inheritance, or a division of the inheritance amongst all the sons.

 
 


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